What is the term used to describe the government's ability to take private property for public use?

The term that accurately describes the government's ability to take private property for public use is known as eminent domain. This legal concept allows the government to seize private land for public projects, such as building roads, schools, or other infrastructure, provided that the property owner is fairly compensated for their loss. This ensures that the needs of the community can be met while also respecting personal property rights.

While the term "condemnation" is often associated with the processes related to eminent domain, it specifically refers to the legal procedure used to execute that taking, including the determination of fair market value for compensation. "Expropriation" is a similar term but is more commonly used in other countries and contexts. "Acquisition" can refer to any obtaining of property, but it does not necessarily imply government action or the specific public purpose that is central to eminent domain.